Urolithin A and immune-cell biomarkers in healthy adults aged 45–70 (Denk et al., 2025)
Human RCT — biomarker endpoint
Record verify: source publication identified; see evidence and limitations
| Design | Randomized, placebo-controlled trial (biomarker) |
| N | 50 |
| PMID | 41174221 |
| DOI | 10.1038/s43587-025-00996-x |
| Citation status | Original publication identity matched by title, author and DOI; relevant full-text sections, results and limitations examined 2026-10-14. |
Identifiers: DOI verified; PMC verified; PMID verified; trial registry id not reported. Record-level verification and identifier-level status are separate: a record can be verified against its primary publication on one identifier while another is simply not confirmed. No identifier is fabricated, and none is left in a “pending” state.
Five-qualifier claim
| Species / population | 50 generally healthy adults aged 45–70 years in a single-center Frankfurt, Germany trial; 25 allocated to each group. |
| Exposure, route, schedule | Oral urolithin A (Mitopure) 1000 mg/day for 28 days. |
| Comparator / duration | Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled; baseline to day 28. |
| Endpoint / numeric result | Changes in CD8+ T-cell phenotypes and immune-cell metabolism were reported. These were immune biomarker and laboratory endpoints, not fewer infections, improved disability, disease prevention, or lifespan. The publisher lists an author correction published 5 January 2026. |
| What it did NOT establish | Immune-biomarker endpoints — not a functional disability, disease-outcome, or lifespan endpoint, and not a healthy-aging-longevity result. |
Interventions
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Primary reference
https://doi.org/10.1038/s43587-025-00996-x
Exact identifier confirmed against the primary record via Crossref/ClinicalTrials.gov where stated in the citation status names the source and the date. An identifier that is not confirmed is named as such in the identifier row above, never filled in from a secondary source.